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Ultrawide-bandgap semiconductors—such as diamond—are promising for next-generation electronics due to a larger energy gap between the valence and conduction bands, allowing them to handle higher voltages, operate at higher frequencies, and provide greater efficiency compared to traditional materials like silicon.

However, their make it challenging to probe and understand how charge and heat move on nanometer-to-micron scales. Visible light has a very limited ability to probe nanoscale properties, and moreover, it is not absorbed by diamond, so it cannot be used to launch currents or rapid heating.

Now, researchers at JILA, led by JILA Fellows and University of Colorado physics professors Margaret Murnane and Henry Kapteyn, along with graduate students Emma Nelson, Theodore Culman, Brendan McBennett, and former JILA postdoctoral researchers Albert Beardo and Joshua Knobloch, have developed a novel microscope that makes examining these materials possible on an unprecedented scale.

The chameleon, a lizard known for its color-changing skin, is the inspiration behind a new electromagnetic material that could someday make vehicles and aircraft “invisible” to radar.

As reported today in the journal Science Advances, a team of UC Berkeley engineers has developed a tunable metamaterial microwave absorber that can switch between absorbing, transmitting or reflecting microwaves on demand by mimicking the chameleon’s color-changing mechanism.

“A key discovery was the ability to achieve both broadband absorption and high transmission in a single structure, offering adaptability in dynamic environments,” said Grace Gu, principal investigator of the study and assistant professor of mechanical engineering. “This flexibility has wide-ranging applications, from to advanced communication systems and energy harvesting.”

In the world of modern optics, frequency combs are invaluable tools. These devices act as rulers for measuring light, enabling breakthroughs in telecommunications, environmental monitoring, and even astrophysics. But building compact and efficient frequency combs has been a challenge—until now.

Electro-optic , introduced in 1993, showed promise in generating optical combs through cascaded phase modulation but progress slowed down because of their high power demands and limited bandwidth.

This led to the field being dominated by femtosecond lasers and Kerr soliton microcombs, which, while effective, require complex tuning and , limiting field-ready use.

Dive into the fascinating world of the Cori Cycle, also known as the lactic acid cycle! 🏋️‍♂️💡 In this video, we’ll explore how your body manages energy during intense exercise by recycling lactate from muscles back into glucose in the liver.
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When burned or used in fuel cells, hydrogen produces nothing but water, making it an ideal candidate for reducing global carbon emissions. Yet, most of the hydrogen produced today comes from fossil fuels, releasing significant amounts of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. But now, researchers may have found a way to create carbon-free hydrogen.

A group of researchers, led by Professors Takashi Hisatomi and Kazunari Domen, built a 100-square-meter reactor that uses sunlight and photocatalysts to split water into hydrogen and oxygen. This process bypasses traditional photovoltaic-based methods, which convert sunlight into electricity before splitting water.

The new process relies on sheets of a photocatalyst called SrTiO3:Al, which are submerged in water. Sunlight activates the photocatalyst, splitting water into its molecular components. The gases can then be collected for storage and use. Because it utilizes sunlight for power, this method creates clean, carbon-free hydrogen.

A new tapered flow channel design for electrodes improves the efficiency of battery-based seawater desalination, potentially reducing energy use compared to reverse osmosis. This breakthrough may benefit other electrochemical devices, but manufacturing challenges need to be addressed.

Engineers have developed a solution to eliminate fluid flow “dead zones” in electrodes used for battery-based seawater desalination. This breakthrough involves a physics-driven tapered flow channel design within the electrodes, enabling faster and more efficient fluid movement. This design has the potential to consume less energy compared to conventional reverse osmosis techniques.

Desalination technology has faced significant challenges preventing widespread adoption. The most common method, reverse osmosis, filters salt from water by forcing it through a membrane, which is both energy-intensive and expensive. In contrast, the battery desalination method uses electricity to remove charged salt ions from the water. However, this approach also requires energy to push water through electrodes with tiny, irregular pore spaces, which has been a limiting factor—until now.