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Category: biotech/medical – Page 55

People with pockets of fat hidden inside their muscles are at a higher risk of dying or being hospitalized from a heartattack or heart failure, regardless of their body mass index, according to research published in the European Heart Journal.

This ‘intermuscular’ fat is highly prized in beef steaks for cooking. However, little is known about this type of body fat in humans, and its impact on health. This is the first study to comprehensively investigate the effects of fatty muscles on heart disease.

The new finding adds evidence that existing measures, such as body mass index or waist circumference, are not adequate to evaluate the risk of heart disease accurately for all people.

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In today’s AI news, OpenAI released its o3-mini model one week ago, offering both free and paid users a more accurate, faster, and cheaper alternative to o1-mini. Now, OpenAI has updated the o3-mini to include an updated chain of thought.

In other advancements, Hugging Face and Physical Intelligence have quietly launched Pi0 (Pi-Zero) this week, the first foundational model for robots that translates natural language commands directly into physical actions. “Pi0 is the most advanced vision language action model,” said Remi Cadene, a research scientist at Hugging Face.

S Luxo Jr., Apple And, one year later the Rabbit R1 is actually good now. It launched to reviews like “avoid this AI gadget”, but 12 months have passed. Where is the Rabbit R1 now? Well with a relentless pipeline of updates and novel AI ideas…it’s actually pretty good now!?

In videos, Moderator Shirin Ghaffary (Reporter, Bloomberg News) leads a expert panel which includes; Chase Lochmiller (Crusoe, CEO) Costi Perricos (Deloitte, Global GenAI Business Leader) Varun Mohan (Codeium, Co-Founder and CEO) that ask, how are we building the infrastructure to support this massive global technological revolution?

Meanwhile, Humans are terrible at detecting lies, says psychologist Riccardo Loconte… but what if we had an AI-powered tool to help? He introduces his team’s work successfully training an AI to recognize falsehoods.

And, Mo Gawdat, the former Chief Business Officer for Google X, bestselling author, the founder of ‘One Billion Happy’ foundation, and co-founder of ‘Unstressable,’ joins Professor Scott Galloway to discuss the state of AI — where it stands today, how it’s evolving, and what that means for our future.

We close out with, Dialogue at UTokyo GlobE held an event with CEO Sam Altman of OpenAI and CPO, Kevin Weil. President Teruo Fujii and Executive Vice President Kaori Hayashi welcomed the two guests, along with 36 students whose major ranged from engineering to medicine to philosophy.

Thats all for today, but AI is moving fast — like, comment, and subscribe for more AI news! Please vote for me in the Entrepreneur of Impact Competition today! Thank you for supporting my partners and I — it’s how I keep Neural News Network free.

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This OpenAI update is available to free and paid users and could make getting the results you want easier.

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Question Can an electrocardiography (ECG)–based artificial intelligence risk estimator for hypertension (AIRE-HTN) predict incident hypertension and stratify risk for incident hypertension-associated adverse events?

Findings In this prognostic study including an ECG algorithm trained on 189 539 patients at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and externally validated on 65 610 patients from UK Biobank, AIRE-HTN predicted incident hypertension and stratified risk for cardiovascular death, heart failure, myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, and chronic kidney disease.

Meaning Results suggest that AIRE-HTN can predict the development of hypertension and may identify at-risk patients for enhanced surveillance.

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Is the progressive and irreversible loss of kidney function. In this Primer, Romagnani et al. describe the epidemiology and pathophysiology of this disease, and summarize its diagnosis and management, explaining how understanding and treating all modifiable risk factors can slow the progression of chronic kidney disease and prevent or attenuate its consequences.

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Physical fitness is typically associated with health benefits, and we generally consider exercise good. Many studies have shown that this relates to cancer, where exercise and maintaining a healthy weight can reduce the risk of developing cancer. Studies have shown that obesity raises the risk of mortality in cancer patients.

Data recently published in the British Journal of Sports Medicine suggests that staying fit could reduce the risk of dying from cancer. The study looked at two different readouts for fitness: muscle strength and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF).

The researchers undertook a comprehensive review and meta-analysis by examining peer-reviewed studies published before August 2023. The analysis included 42 studies encompassing over 46,000 patients.

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Ancient viruses are embedded everywhere in the human genome. Estimates range, but it’s thought that about eight percent of the human genome could be made up of these ancient retroviruses, which are also known as transposable elements. It’s thought that the action of many of of these sequences has stopped, though some research has shown they may still affect human biology. And now, scientists have shown that transposable elements also play crucial roles in the development of human embryos. The findings have been reported in Cell.

There are transposable elements in the human genome that are active in the earliest stages of human embryo development, when there is significant molecular flexibility and plasticity. But the regulation of that plasticity is unclear.

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The expression of genes has to be carefully regulated in cells; active genes give cells their identity and ability to function. Epigenetic features are just one way that cells control gene expression, and they do so without altering the sequence of genes. These may involve chemical groups like methyl tags that adorn DNA, or structural characteristics that relate to proteins that organize DNA. But scientists have also been learning about how epigenetics affect RNA. New findings on a balancing act in epigenetics, which works on DNA and RNA, have been reported in Cell.

When genes are expressed, they are transcribed into messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules. The cell can then translate those mRNA molecules into proteins, which carry out a variety of functions. Scientists have identified an epigenetic mechanism that seems to balance gene expression. One facet of the mechanism can promote the transcription and organization of genes, while the other causes mRNA transcripts to lose stability, and can adjust how those transcripts are used. This work has shown that DNA and RNA epigenetics may be more closely linked than known.

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A recent study from the University of California San Diego School of Medicine has provided fresh insight into the potential benefits of time-restricted feeding in managing these circadian disruptions.

This approach, which involves eating within a specific daily window, could offer a novel way to address Alzheimer’s symptoms and possibly alter the course of the disease itself. The findings challenge traditional perspectives on the disorder, shifting attention to the importance of daily eating habits.

The circadian rhythm functions as the body’s internal biological clock, regulating numerous physiological processes, including the sleep-wake cycle. Disruptions to this rhythm are particularly common among Alzheimer’s patients, with recent estimates suggesting that up to 80% experience these disturbances. These disruptions not only interfere with sleep but also contribute to increased cognitive impairment, particularly during nighttime hours.

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Summary: Scientists have discovered that neural stem cells (NSCs) receive constant feedback from their daughter cells, influencing whether they remain dormant or activate to form new neurons and glia. This parent-child relationship helps regulate brain regeneration and repair.

The study also reveals that calcium signaling plays a key role in how NSCs decode multiple signals from their environment. If NSCs produce only a few daughter cells, they activate; if they produce many, they stay dormant.

These findings challenge previous assumptions that NSCs function independently and open new avenues for treating neurodevelopmental disorders. Future research will explore how these processes change in aging and disease.

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