January 2019 – Lifeboat News: The Blog https://lifeboat.com/blog Safeguarding Humanity Fri, 01 Feb 2019 06:02:22 +0000 en-US hourly 1 https://wordpress.org/?v=6.6.1 Could an extremophile hold the secret to treatment of devastating injuries? https://lifeboat.com/blog/2019/01/could-an-extremophile-hold-the-secret-to-treatment-of-devastating-injuries Fri, 01 Feb 2019 06:02:22 +0000 https://lifeboat.com/blog/2019/01/could-an-extremophile-hold-the-secret-to-treatment-of-devastating-injuries

Water bear. Moss piglet. Tardigrade.

The gentle teddy-bear features of this polyonymic animal belie its hardy nature.

Capable of withstanding dehydration and cosmic radiation and surviving temperatures as low as −450 F and as high as 300 F, this eight-limbed microscopic creature holds the key to one of biology’s greatest secrets — extreme survival.

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Former NASA Rocket Scientist On Why We’re Still Going Nowhere Fast https://lifeboat.com/blog/2019/01/former-nasa-rocket-scientist-on-why-were-still-going-nowhere-fast Fri, 01 Feb 2019 01:42:12 +0000 https://lifeboat.com/blog/2019/01/former-nasa-rocket-scientist-on-why-were-still-going-nowhere-fast

Interstellar propulsion breakthroughs will require research that is motivated by more than mere hype, says former NASA breakthrough propulsion physicist.

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Dark matter may not actually exist – and our alternative theory can be put to the test https://lifeboat.com/blog/2019/01/dark-matter-may-not-actually-exist-and-our-alternative-theory-can-be-put-to-the-test https://lifeboat.com/blog/2019/01/dark-matter-may-not-actually-exist-and-our-alternative-theory-can-be-put-to-the-test#comments Fri, 01 Feb 2019 00:22:37 +0000 https://lifeboat.com/blog/2019/01/dark-matter-may-not-actually-exist-and-our-alternative-theory-can-be-put-to-the-test

Scientists have been searching for “dark matter” – an unknown and invisible substance thought to make up the vast majority of matter in the universe – for nearly a century. The reason for this persistence is that dark matter is needed to account for the fact that galaxies don’t seem to obey the fundamental laws of physics. However, dark matter searches have remained unsuccessful.

But there are other approaches to make sense of why behave so strangely. Our new study, published in the Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, shows that, by tweaking the laws of gravity on the enormous scales of galaxies, we may not actually need dark after all.

The Swiss astronomer Fritz Zwicky discovered in the 1930s that velocities in galaxy clusters were too high to account for how much matter we could see. A similar phenomenon was described by several groups of astronomers, such as Vera Rubin and Kent Ford, when they studied the motion of stars at the far edges of the Andromeda Galaxy.

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Scientists discover brain cells responsible for direction and memory https://lifeboat.com/blog/2019/01/scientists-discover-brain-cells-responsible-for-direction-and-memory https://lifeboat.com/blog/2019/01/scientists-discover-brain-cells-responsible-for-direction-and-memory#comments Fri, 01 Feb 2019 00:22:23 +0000 https://lifeboat.com/blog/2019/01/scientists-discover-brain-cells-responsible-for-direction-and-memory

Research has revealed the cluster of neurons that helps the brain’s internal GPS remember key landmarks. It is hoped that the findings will provide insight into a range of psychiatric disorders.

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Dark Energy Gets Weirder: Mysterious Force May Vary Over Time https://lifeboat.com/blog/2019/01/dark-energy-gets-weirder-mysterious-force-may-vary-over-time https://lifeboat.com/blog/2019/01/dark-energy-gets-weirder-mysterious-force-may-vary-over-time#comments Thu, 31 Jan 2019 23:02:54 +0000 https://lifeboat.com/blog/2019/01/dark-energy-gets-weirder-mysterious-force-may-vary-over-time

Dark energy is apparently even more mysterious than astronomers had thought.

Scientists first proposed the existence of this invisible force two decades ago, to explain the surprising discovery that the universe’s expansion is accelerating. (Surprising and incredibly important; the find netted three researchers the Nobel Prize in physics in 2011.)

The most-used astrophysical model of the universe’s structure and evolution regards dark energy as a constant. Indeed, many astronomers believe it to be the cosmological constant, which Einstein posited in 1917 as part of his theory of general relativity. [The History & Structure of the Universe in Pictures].

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Is self-healing concrete technology the future of construction? https://lifeboat.com/blog/2019/01/is-self-healing-concrete-technology-the-future-of-construction Thu, 31 Jan 2019 23:02:39 +0000 https://lifeboat.com/blog/2019/01/is-self-healing-concrete-technology-the-future-of-construction

Building cracks and deterioration are common points of concern for asset owners and managers alike, but a new technology may soon alleviate these industry issues.

Researchers at the University of Cambridge are using micro-encapsulation technologies developed by Dolomite Microfluidics to develop self-healing construction materials.

The university’s Department of Engineering’s Geotechnical and Environmental Research Group said last month that it is developing microcapsules containing ‘healing’ agents such as minerals, epoxy, or polyurethane which can be added to building materials to allow the self-repair of small cracks that develop over time.

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Smart building materials to watch in 2019 https://lifeboat.com/blog/2019/01/smart-building-materials-to-watch-in-2019 Thu, 31 Jan 2019 23:02:25 +0000 https://lifeboat.com/blog/2019/01/smart-building-materials-to-watch-in-2019

Smart building materials are altering the fabric of the housebuilding industry. Housebuilders are already looking ahead to the days when homes will fix themselves, serve their residents and tell us how we can build them better.

SMART CONCRETE

While housebuilders gaze into the future, researchers have been turning to the past for inspiration. Over the last few years, the DNA of concrete has been decoded and rewritten by scientists to make the material that built the Roman Empire fit for the future.

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FDA Approved Drugs in Neurology https://lifeboat.com/blog/2019/01/fda-approved-drugs-in-neurology Thu, 31 Jan 2019 22:42:51 +0000 https://lifeboat.com/blog/2019/01/fda-approved-drugs-in-neurology

Organized by drug name, this comprehensive listing of Neurology FDA Approved Drugs by the Food and Drug Administration features facts on…

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Atari master: New AI smashes Google DeepMind in video game challenge https://lifeboat.com/blog/2019/01/atari-master-new-ai-smashes-google-deepmind-in-video-game-challenge https://lifeboat.com/blog/2019/01/atari-master-new-ai-smashes-google-deepmind-in-video-game-challenge#comments Thu, 31 Jan 2019 22:02:39 +0000 https://lifeboat.com/blog/2019/01/atari-master-new-ai-smashes-google-deepmind-in-video-game-challenge

A new breed of algorithms has mastered Atari video games 10 times faster than state-of-the-art AI, with a breakthrough approach to problem solving.

Designing AI that can negotiate planning problems, especially those where rewards are not immediately obvious, is one of the most important research challenges in advancing the field.

A famous 2015 study showed Google DeepMind AI learnt to play Atari video games like Video Pinball to human level, but notoriously failed to learn a path to the first key in 1980s video Montezuma’s Revenge due to the game’s complexity.

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Understanding white blood cells’ defense mechanisms could lead to better treatments https://lifeboat.com/blog/2019/01/understanding-white-blood-cells-defense-mechanisms-could-lead-to-better-treatments https://lifeboat.com/blog/2019/01/understanding-white-blood-cells-defense-mechanisms-could-lead-to-better-treatments#comments Thu, 31 Jan 2019 22:02:24 +0000 https://lifeboat.com/blog/2019/01/understanding-white-blood-cells-defense-mechanisms-could-lead-to-better-treatments

Experiencing a bacterial infection? You’re generally prescribed antibiotics by your doctor. But how exactly do those antibiotics and your white blood cells work in tandem to improve your infection?

“The human body’s first line of defense against are certain white blood cells called neutrophils,” says J. Scott VanEpps, M.D., Ph.D., assistant professor of emergency medicine at Michigan Medicine. “One of their weapons are neutrophil extracellular traps, also called NETs.”

The traps are microscopic networks of fibers made primarily of DNA that are produced by the neutrophils to capture bacteria. But how exactly they work, VanEpps notes, is still unclear.

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